Lesson Ignored

Abu Graib is one of the prison in Iraq where most of the prisoners are innocences. As well as some act are too cruel to the prisoner; such as letting them forming a human pyramid and forcing a man cover with excrement to pose for the camera. For me the photo post on the website are too harsh for mankind. Even though the prisoner have break the rules but I'm sure that those punishment is not in the list.
For the experiment shown in the video about electric shocking the strangers, I think that people who press the button all the way through is likely to be a people who went into military training before because in military following orders is the most important rules. Another reasons maybe that they didn't get the feeling of pain. The experiment could consider using girl voice with male people.

Intelligence

1.

How should intelligence be defined?

I would say that Intelligence is a “global concept that involves an individual’s ability to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with the environment.” (Wechsler, 1958) I choose this meaning because being intelligence doesn’t mean that you only do well in class but you have to apply your experience to the real situation too.

2. What are the elements of intelligence?

The three elements of intelligence are genetic makeup, education, and the environment. People could gain certain area of intelligence from there parent. As well as your environment and food you receive. Other than that would be the education and experiences.

3. Is intelligence testing valid? Reliable? Ethical?

Intelligence testing is valid when it tests the ability of the tester to solve as well as analyze the problems. The test will be reliable if it is standardizing from large number of population as well as the test result should be able to compare with the previous tests. But intelligence is not ethical.

4. How can variations in intelligence be explained?

The two variations that intelligence could be divided up is environment, genetics and education. Environment is intelligence that could be gain throughout the influence over the development. For genetics, the intelligence certain area of intelligence could be passing on from parents. And education is how well the facility of education you receive as well as how hard you study them.

Class Visit

On February 8, 2007 we went to visit kindergarten kids in order to do experiments with them. Three out of five experiments I’ve done are making a stairs out of color pencils, coins, and having 5 squares and 4 circles with the same color. For the making a stairs out of color pencils, two kids fail to do it. One kid says he can’t do it straight away but another does it incorrectly. And other 4 kids had done it correctly. For the coin experiment, I made two line of coin, one line got 10 coins but close together and the other lines got 9 coins but are separately, then ask them which line got more coin. The result came out to be that 2 kids counted the amount of coins and the other done the same, so they all got correct answers. The third experiment is lining up 5 squares and 4 circles, all of it are in color blue. When all the shape are lined up, then I asked the kid whether are there more squares or more blues, and all answers incorrectly that there were more squares.

The result show that most no one got all correct answer and this show that the kids are at the preoccupation stage.

Emotional IQ Test

Your Emotional IQ is excellent - much higher than average. This means that, in general, you are able to express your feelings clearly in appropriate situations. You are optimistic and positive, and adapt well to changed circumstances. You deal effectively with stress, interact with others and communicate adequately. You are comfortable with yourself, and you know and appreciate your talents and strong points as well as your weaknesses. You are able to motivate yourself, find the energy and the strength necessary to complete what you need to do to reach your goals. You are one of the resilient people who bounce back after major drawbacks, survive hardship without bitterness, and still manage to empathize with others. These skills will certainly bring you long-term benefits such as stronger relationships, better health and personal happiness.

The above paragraph describe who I am after doing the Emotional IQ Test. I receive a score of 116 and I think the result is quite true to what I currently am.

Emotion and Motivation

The article I read in class was about a plane crashes onto the Mountain and some passengers are alive on the mountain high with below zero degree Celsius. Several days were not much of a problem because they got left over food in the plane. But after the food is finished the survivor began to eat the corpse flesh in order to survive. Even though some survivor in don’t dare to eat the corpse flesh in the first place. The motivation of the survive is that they are afraid to die and so they start doing something they hated such as eating human flesh in order to survive.

Gregorc Style Delineator

Gregorc Style Delineator is a assessment that is used to figure out which type of person we are. And there are four results which are concrete sequential (CS), abstract sequential (AS), abstract random (AR), and concrete random (CR). One of the results wills matches who we are.

The highest score I got is 29 which lie on the abstract sequential (AS) position. Characteristic of abstract sequential is that they don’t take side, and based their decisions on facts and something that is provable. Abstract sequential tend to me more serious and using more of logic to solve problems. But the negative side is that they tend to be sarcastic at some situations.

I think the overall results of the activity are quite accurate because when we break into groups the characteristic of the group member seems to be similar. Such as the concrete random group they laughing and joking nearly the whole time.

Extending Reading: "It's Magical it's malleable, it's memory."

1. What is the relationship between memory and selfhood?

Memory is our ability to retain knowledge of past events. And selfhood is individuality or our uniqueness. “Memory is bedrock of the self,” from the statement memory represent experience and it is the factor that shape who we are which made us unique from others. Memories from the past shape how we think and our behaviors. Example in the article shows that we could also create our own memory by listening others. In the article a girl been told that she is the one who saw her mom die. After that she make up stories in her head about her mother death, but early one morning her brother told that she is not the one who saw her mother death but it is the other girl. This show that we could make up memory and memories could reflect our self.

2. What new discovery about memory do you find most interesting?

The new discovery about memory I find most interesting is “memory is not a single entity residing in a single place.” I found it most interesting because we got tons of memories and our brain got no limit memory space. Even though we have forgotten some information but sometime it came back suddenly, so this shows that memory is not erased from our brain. Also the brain has a parallel processing in order to associate the memory with the person emotions.

3. What is the homunculus crisis?

In order for the brain to recall the information, many neuron are activated and neuron themselves are specialized for different types of memory. Homunculus crisis is a mystery that no one knows what triggers the neurons in our brain. And it leads to question such as “Who is thinking? Is memory remembering us?”

4. Which theory of dreams finds support in the experiments by Lynch?

Lynch’s experiment supports the biological dream theories of Hobson and Vertes. Lynch proves that rat memories improve during it sleep and the brain send particular impulse called theta waves. Vertes’s says that we dream to prevent our body from going into coma state. And Hobson’s says that our brain randomly send neural impulse which causes us to have random dreams.

5. How can some memories become indelible?

Some memories become indelible because during the encoding process that person got powerful emotions or during stress. During stress the stress hormone stimulates the heart and makes it pump faster and the muscle began to tense and this has effect on the neurons. And for powerful emotions, example we faced and very dangerous situation and scared us, this memory will be recorded in our brain and used it to be a knowledge incase of facing the same situation next time.

6. How can amnesia and repression be explained?

Repression is when we forgot something and later on it got retrieve. And amnesia is a loss of memory. Amnesia often occurs in an injury and repression believes to be involved in traumatic experience. Both repression and amnesia believe to be causes by the malfunction of the hippocampus, when hippocampus depicting words and pictures into our explicit memory.

7. Explain the following statement: "Memory is more reconstructive than reproductive."

Memory got lost through time, but we build our memory anytime. Memory could not be reconstructive because we seem to and new memory when times passes and the old memory will be changed in its detail. But memory could be reconstructive because we often made up our own memories such as the example of the number one answers.

8. What new paradigm of memory is now emerging?

The new paradigm of memory is now emerging memory is how our memory mixes with our emotions. It both contain true and false situation. And this memories will shape us of who be are.

9. After reading this article, what conclusions can you make about memory?

For me memory is one of the most important things in human life and it is also one of the most complex things and hard to explain. Many scientist studies about it but still they can’t found out who or what bring our memory back. After reading this memory article it made me learn many new things about our brain and ourselves, such as how we memorize things and why some people have difficulty memorizing.